Article 21: Constitution of India 

Article 21: Constitution of India 

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Article 21: Protection of life and personal liberty

Bare Act Text

No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.

Explanation in Simple Language

Article 21 guarantees the right to life and personal liberty subject to lawful procedure.

Illustrations

Illegal detention violates Article 21.

Important Case Laws

• Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India
• Francis Coralie Mullin v. Administrator, Union Territory of Delhi

Practical Notes

The procedure must be fair, just and reasonable.

FAQs

Q. Is Article 21 available to non-citizens?
A. Yes, it applies to all persons.

Article 21: Constitution of India 

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